Formal Certification Methods for Automated Vehicle Safety Assessment

Challenges related to automated driving are no longer focused on just the construction of such vehicles (AVs), but in assuring safety their operation. Recent advances Level 3 and 4 autonomous have motivated more extensive study guarantees complicated AV maneuvers, which aligns with goal ISO 21448 (Safety Intended Functions, or SOTIF), i.e. minimizing unsafe scenarios both known unknown, as well Vision Zero -- eliminating highway fatalities by 2050. A majority approaches used providing for motion control originate from formal methods, especially reachability analysis (RA), relies mathematical models dynamic evolution system provide guarantees. However, best authors' knowledge, there been review papers dedicated describing interpreting state-of-the-art methods context AVs. In this work, we an overview verification, validation certification process, techniques that suited applications. We also propose a unified scenario coverage framework can either sample-based estimate verification full Finally, remaining challenges future opportunities beyond scope current published research assured presented.